人类的生活是无价的。当需要完成危险或威胁生命的任务时，机器人平台可能是更换人类运营商的理想选择。我们在这项工作中重点关注的任务是爆炸性的手段。鉴于移动机器人在多种环境中运行时表现出强大的功能，机器人触觉有可能提供安全解决方案。但是，与人类的运作相比，在此阶段，自主权可能具有挑战性和风险。远程运行可能是完整的机器人自主权和人类存在之间的折衷方案。在本文中，我们提出了一种相对便宜的解决方案，可用于远程敏感和机器人远程操作，以使用腿部操纵器（即，腿部四足机器人的机器人和RGB-D传感）来协助爆炸的军械处置。我们提出了一种新型的系统集成，以解决四足动物全身控制的非平凡问题。我们的系统基于可穿戴的基于IMU的运动捕获系统，该系统用于远程操作和视觉触发性的VR耳机。我们在实验中验证了现实世界中的方法，用于需要全身机器人控制和视觉触发的机车操作任务。

在这项工作中，我们对对象零件进行了一声视觉搜索。给定具有带注释的负担区域的对象的单个参考图像，我们在目标场景中以语义对应部分进行分段。我们提出了Affcorrs，这是一种无监督的模型，结合了预训练的恐龙图像描述符和环相通讯的特性。我们使用affcorrs来找到相应的课内和间单弹部分分割的负担。这项任务比有监督的替代方案更加困难，但是可以通过模仿和辅助远程处理等将来的工作，例如学习能力。

在本文中，我们提出了一个深度学习框架，该框架为人形机器人步行步态中的腿部接触率检测提供了统一的方法。我们的配方实现了准确，稳健地估计每条腿的接触状态概率（即稳定或滑动/无接触）。所提出的框架采用了仅本体感知感应，尽管它依赖于模拟的基础真相接触数据进行分类过程，但我们证明了它在不同的摩擦表面和不同的腿部机器人平台上概括，同时也很容易地从模拟转移到模拟转移到实践。该框架是通过使用地面真实接触数据在模拟中进行定量和定性评估的，并与ATLA，NAO和TALOS类人类机器人的现状与ART方法形成对比。此外，用真实的talos人类生物生物估计得出了其功效。为了加强进一步的研究努力，我们的实施是作为开源的ROS/Python软件包，即创建的腿部接触检测（LCD）。

Automatic differentiation (AD) is a technique for computing the derivative of a function represented by a program. This technique is considered as the de-facto standard for computing the differentiation in many machine learning and optimisation software tools. Despite the practicality of this technique, the performance of the differentiated programs, especially for functional languages and in the presence of vectors, is suboptimal. We present an AD system for a higher-order functional array-processing language. The core functional language underlying this system simultaneously supports both source-to-source forward-mode AD and global optimisations such as loop transformations. In combination, gradient computation with forward-mode AD can be as efficient as reverse mode, and the Jacobian matrices required for numerical algorithms such as Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt can be efficiently computed.

A methodology is proposed, which addresses the caveat that line-of-sight emission spectroscopy presents in that it cannot provide spatially resolved temperature measurements in nonhomogeneous temperature fields. The aim of this research is to explore the use of data-driven models in measuring temperature distributions in a spatially resolved manner using emission spectroscopy data. Two categories of data-driven methods are analyzed: (i) Feature engineering and classical machine learning algorithms, and (ii) end-to-end convolutional neural networks (CNN). In total, combinations of fifteen feature groups and fifteen classical machine learning models, and eleven CNN models are considered and their performances explored. The results indicate that the combination of feature engineering and machine learning provides better performance than the direct use of CNN. Notably, feature engineering which is comprised of physics-guided transformation, signal representation-based feature extraction and Principal Component Analysis is found to be the most effective. Moreover, it is shown that when using the extracted features, the ensemble-based, light blender learning model offers the best performance with RMSE, RE, RRMSE and R values of 64.3, 0.017, 0.025 and 0.994, respectively. The proposed method, based on feature engineering and the light blender model, is capable of measuring nonuniform temperature distributions from low-resolution spectra, even when the species concentration distribution in the gas mixtures is unknown.

The combination of artist-curated scans, and deep implicit functions (IF), is enabling the creation of detailed, clothed, 3D humans from images. However, existing methods are far from perfect. IF-based methods recover free-form geometry but produce disembodied limbs or degenerate shapes for unseen poses or clothes. To increase robustness for these cases, existing work uses an explicit parametric body model to constrain surface reconstruction, but this limits the recovery of free-form surfaces such as loose clothing that deviates from the body. What we want is a method that combines the best properties of implicit and explicit methods. To this end, we make two key observations: (1) current networks are better at inferring detailed 2D maps than full-3D surfaces, and (2) a parametric model can be seen as a "canvas" for stitching together detailed surface patches. ECON infers high-fidelity 3D humans even in loose clothes and challenging poses, while having realistic faces and fingers. This goes beyond previous methods. Quantitative, evaluation of the CAPE and Renderpeople datasets shows that ECON is more accurate than the state of the art. Perceptual studies also show that ECON's perceived realism is better by a large margin. Code and models are available for research purposes at https://xiuyuliang.cn/econ

As a result of the ever increasing complexity of configuring and fine-tuning machine learning models, the field of automated machine learning (AutoML) has emerged over the past decade. However, software implementations like Auto-WEKA and Auto-sklearn typically focus on classical machine learning (ML) tasks such as classification and regression. Our work can be seen as the first attempt at offering a single AutoML framework for most problem settings that fall under the umbrella of multi-target prediction, which includes popular ML settings such as multi-label classification, multivariate regression, multi-task learning, dyadic prediction, matrix completion, and zero-shot learning. Automated problem selection and model configuration are achieved by extending DeepMTP, a general deep learning framework for MTP problem settings, with popular hyperparameter optimization (HPO) methods. Our extensive benchmarking across different datasets and MTP problem settings identifies cases where specific HPO methods outperform others.

Climate change is expected to aggravate wildfire activity through the exacerbation of fire weather. Improving our capabilities to anticipate wildfires on a global scale is of uttermost importance for mitigating their negative effects. In this work, we create a global fire dataset and demonstrate a prototype for predicting the presence of global burned areas on a sub-seasonal scale with the use of segmentation deep learning models. Particularly, we present an open-access global analysis-ready datacube, which contains a variety of variables related to the seasonal and sub-seasonal fire drivers (climate, vegetation, oceanic indices, human-related variables), as well as the historical burned areas and wildfire emissions for 2001-2021. We train a deep learning model, which treats global wildfire forecasting as an image segmentation task and skillfully predicts the presence of burned areas 8, 16, 32 and 64 days ahead of time. Our work motivates the use of deep learning for global burned area forecasting and paves the way towards improved anticipation of global wildfire patterns.

The current success of machine learning on image-based combustion monitoring is based on massive data, which is costly even impossible for industrial applications. To address this conflict, we introduce few-shot learning in order to achieve combustion monitoring and classification for the first time. Two algorithms, Siamese Network coupled with k Nearest Neighbors (SN-kNN) and Prototypical Network (PN), were tested. Rather than utilizing solely visible images as discussed in previous studies, we also used Infrared (IR) images. We analyzed the training process, test performance and inference speed of two algorithms on both image formats, and also used t-SNE to visualize learned features. The results demonstrated that both SN-kNN and PN were capable to distinguish flame states from learning with merely 20 images per flame state. The worst performance, which was realized by PN on IR images, still possessed precision, accuracy, recall, and F1-score above 0.95. We showed that visible images demonstrated more substantial differences between classes and presented more consistent patterns inside the class, which made the training speed and model performance better compared to IR images. In contrast, the relatively low quality of IR images made it difficult for PN to extract distinguishable prototypes, which caused relatively weak performance. With the entrire training set supporting classification, SN-kNN performed well with IR images. On the other hand, benefitting from the architecture design, PN has a much faster speed in training and inference than SN-kNN. The presented work analyzed the characteristics of both algorithms and image formats for the first time, thus providing guidance for their future utilization in combustion monitoring tasks.

我们建议使用两层机器学习模型的部署来防止对抗性攻击。第一层确定数据是否被篡改，而第二层解决了域特异性问题。我们探索三组功能和三个数据集变体来训练机器学习模型。我们的结果表明，聚类算法实现了有希望的结果。特别是，我们认为通过将DBSCAN算法应用于图像和白色参考图像之间计算的结构化结构相似性指数测量方法获得了最佳结果。